備份有困難？Oracle DBA詳述RMAN備份

SYS@ prod >sho parameter keep_timeNAME                                TYPE        VALUE-- ---------------------------------- ----------- ------------------------------control_file_record_keep_time        integer 7 SYS@ prod > alter system set control_file_record_keep_time = 30;System altered.SYS@ prod>

rman target /rman target sys/oraclerman target sys/oracle@orclz

[oracle@linuxidc ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 鏄熸湡涓€ 4鏈?8 20:26:52 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD (DBID=292420020)
RMAN> shutdown immediate;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalogdatabase closeddatabase dismountedOracle instance shut down
RMAN> startup mount
connected to target database (not started)Oracle instance starteddatabase mounted
Total System Global Area     523108352 bytes
Fixed Size                     1337632 bytesVariable Size                394266336 bytesDatabase Buffers             121634816 bytesRedo Buffers                   5869568 bytes
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 2019-04-08 20:28:01allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setinput datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oradata/prod/system01.dbfinput datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbfinput datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbfinput datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/oradata/prod/example01.dbfinput datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oradata/prod/users01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2019-04-08 20:28:03channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2019-04-08 20:29:08piece handle=/u01/flash_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2019_04_08/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190408T202802_gbphlm1z_.bkp tag=TAG20190408T202802 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setincluding current control file in backup setincluding current SPFILE in backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2019-04-08 20:29:09channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2019-04-08 20:29:10piece handle=/u01/flash_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2019_04_08/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20190408T202802_gbphnor0_.bkp tag=TAG20190408T202802 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01Finished backup at 2019-04-08 20:29:10
RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.[oracle@linuxidc ~]$

BACKUP DATAFILE 1,2;BACKUP TABLESPACE USERS,EXAMPLE;BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE;BACKUP DATABASE;BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL;

RMAN> run {allocate channel d1 type disk;2> allocate channel d2 type disk;3> backup as compressed backupset database format '/home/oracle/db_%U.bset';4> backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format '/home/oracle/arch_%U.bset' delete all input;}
allocated channel: d1channel d1: SID=35 device type=DISK
allocated channel: d2channel d2: SID=1 device type=DISK
Starting backup at 2019-04-08 20:46:57channel d1: starting compressed full datafile backup setchannel d1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setinput datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oradata/prod/system01.dbfinput datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/oradata/prod/example01.dbfchannel d1: starting piece 1 at 2019-04-08 20:46:58channel d2: starting compressed full datafile backup setchannel d2: specifying datafile(s) in backup setinput datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbfinput datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbfinput datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oradata/prod/users01.dbfchannel d2: starting piece 1 at 2019-04-08 20:46:58

BACKUP AS COPY DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/orcl/system1.dbf' FORMAT '/U02/backup/orcl/system01.dbf';BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;

RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PROD are:CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # defaultCONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # defaultCONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # defaultCONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # defaultCONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # defaultCONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # defaultCONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # defaultCONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # defaultCONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # defaultCONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # defaultCONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # defaultCONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # defaultCONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # defaultCONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/oracle/dbs/snapcf_prod.f'; # default
RMAN>

configure retention policy to recovery window of 14days;configurebackup optimization on;configure controlfile autobackupon;configure device typedisk parallelism 4 backup type tocompressed backupset;configure channel device typedisk format ' c:\db_backups\%d_%T_%u ';configure archivelog deletion policyto backup 2 times to disk ;

backup database;backup archivelog all delete input;

configure retention policy clear;configurebackupoptimization clear;configure controlfile autobackup clear;configure device typediskclear;configure channel device typediskclear;configure archivelog deletion policy clear;

configure retention policy to redundancy 2;

configure retention policy to recovery window of 4 days;

configure retention policy to none;